Mediterranean diet may be ‘healthy food model’ to prevent thyroid autoimmune disorders

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Again to Healio

A cohort of euthyroid people with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis had been extra more likely to eat meat and fewer more likely to adhere to a Mediterranean eating regimen than wholesome controls, in keeping with findings revealed in Thyroid.

“Dietary habits considerably differed between topics with and with out Hashimoto’s thyroiditis,” Rosaria Maddalena Ruggeri, MD, PhD, an endocrinologist at College Hospital of Messina in Italy, and colleagues wrote. “Hashimoto’s thyroiditis topics reported a better consumption of animal merchandise and a decrease degree of adherence to the Mediterranean diet than wholesome controls, who reported increased consumption of plant meals. General, the dietary sample of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis topics, in keeping with the survey, was characterised by elevated consumption of animal proteins, increased consumption of saturated fat and refined sugars, and decrease consumption of fibers and antioxidants in contrast with wholesome topics.”

Ruggeri and colleagues randomly recruited 200 voluntary grownup individuals by way of thyroid dysfunction consciousness campaigns on the College Hospital of Messina (86.5% ladies; median age, 37 years). All individuals had been wholesome, white people dwelling in Messina, had secure dietary habits within the 5 years earlier than the research, and had no historical past of pharmacological therapy, antioxidant brokers or vitamin dietary supplements 6 months earlier than recruitment.

Members supplied their medical historical past, underwent a bodily examination and thyroid ultrasonography, and supplied a blood pattern. A questionnaire was given to every particular person on how usually they ate meat, fish, cereals, fruits, greens and dairy merchandise. Adherence to a Mediterranean eating regimen was measured by way of responses to the 14-item PREDIMED questionnaire.

Of the research inhabitants, 81 individuals had been recognized with euthyroid Hashimoto’s thyroiditis by way of laboratory and ultrasound outcomes. The 119 individuals who had no proof of thyroid illness served because the management group.

The Hashimoto’s thyroiditis group had elevated ranges of superior glycation finish merchandise in contrast with controls (P = .0001) and decrease ranges of glutathione peroxidase (P = .02), thioredoxin reductase (P = .023) and whole plasma antioxidant exercise (P = .002), indicating a situation of oxidative stress.

These with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis reported consuming meat, fish and dairy merchandise extra ceaselessly than the management cohort, whereas controls reported increased consumption frequencies of legumes and recent fruit and greens.

The Hashimoto’s thyroiditis group particularly reported a better consumption of pink and processed meat, with 52% within the group reporting they most popular it to white or poultry meat vs. 29% preferring pink or processed meat within the management cohort (P = .014). Consumption of fish and dairy merchandise was increased within the Hashimoto’s thyroiditis group, however there was no distinction in egg consumption. On the PREDIMED questionnaire measuring adherence to a Mediterranean eating regimen, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis people had decrease scores in contrast with controls, primarily as a result of increased consumption of animal meat.

“The present research gives the primary proof of a protecting function of the Mediterranean eating regimen additionally in opposition to thyroid autoimmune problems,” the researchers wrote. “It’s conceivable that adoption of this dietary sample is also protecting in opposition to autoimmune problems, counteracting the deleterious results of oxidative stress and exerting anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory actions, almost certainly by affecting cytokine manufacturing and intestine microbiota composition.”

In accordance with stepwise regression fashions, meat consumption was related to decrease ranges of glutathione peroxidase (P = .048), glutathione reductase (P = .01) and thioredoxin reductase (P = .007), and better ranges of superior glycation finish merchandise (P = .045) and superior oxidation protein merchandise (P = .048). Dairy merchandise had been related to decrease ranges of glutathione reductase (P = .048) and whole plasma antioxidant exercise (P = .02).

“Lowering the consumption of animal proteins and fat and rising that of plant meals might symbolize a helpful life-style technique for lowering the chance for autoimmune thyroid problems,” the researchers wrote. “Particularly, a predominantly plant-based Mediterranean eating regimen might symbolize a wholesome meals mannequin within the setting of autoimmune problems.”